Options Volatility Skew

Phenomenon

Options volatility skew describes the empirical phenomenon where implied volatility varies systematically across different strike prices for options with the same expiration date. Typically, out-of-the-money put options exhibit higher implied volatility than at-the-money or out-of-the-money call options, creating a “smile” or “smirk” shape on the volatility surface. This pattern reflects market participants’ perception of tail risk, particularly the demand for downside protection. The presence of volatility skew is a critical input for sophisticated options pricing. It deviates from the simple Black-Scholes assumption of constant volatility.
Rho A stylized, multi-component dumbbell visualizes the complexity of financial derivatives and structured products within cryptocurrency markets.

Rho

Meaning ⎊ The sensitivity of an option's price to a one-percent change in the risk-free interest rate.