Uniswap V3
Uniswap V3 is a decentralized exchange protocol that introduced concentrated liquidity, allowing liquidity providers to allocate their capital within specific price ranges. Unlike previous versions where liquidity was spread across the entire price spectrum from zero to infinity, V3 allows providers to concentrate capital where trading activity is highest.
This mechanism significantly increases capital efficiency, enabling liquidity providers to earn higher fees on their capital while reducing slippage for traders. The protocol utilizes non-fungible tokens, specifically ERC-721 tokens, to represent individual liquidity positions, as each position is unique based on its chosen price range.
By allowing for granular control over liquidity, V3 mimics the order book models found in traditional finance while remaining fully on-chain. It represents a fundamental shift in how automated market makers operate, prioritizing efficiency and precision over simple, uniform liquidity distribution.