Informed Trading
Informed trading is the practice of executing trades based on private or superior information that is not yet reflected in the market price. These traders use their edge to capture profits before the broader market reacts to the news or data.
While this can lead to more efficient price discovery, it often harms liquidity providers who are caught on the wrong side of the trade. In the cryptocurrency domain, informed trading can be driven by off-chain data, insider knowledge of protocol changes, or sophisticated analysis of on-chain activity.
Regulators often scrutinize this activity to ensure market fairness. For the average participant, identifying the presence of informed trading is a way to gauge market sentiment and risk.
It is a constant factor in the game theory of trading, where participants compete to be the first to incorporate new information into the price.