Annualization
Meaning ⎊ The mathematical process of scaling a short-term financial metric to represent a full year for standard comparison.
Principal Component Analysis
Meaning ⎊ A technique to reduce data dimensionality by transforming correlated variables into a few key, uncorrelated components.
K-Fold Partitioning
Meaning ⎊ A validation method dividing data into segments, training and testing repeatedly to ensure comprehensive model evaluation.
Cross-Validation
Meaning ⎊ A statistical method to assess model performance by testing it against multiple subsets of data to ensure generalization.
Normal Distribution Model
Meaning ⎊ A symmetric, bell-shaped probability curve used as a baseline in classical financial and pricing models.
Standard Error
Meaning ⎊ A measure of the precision of a statistical estimate, indicating how much the sample mean deviates from the true mean.
Probability of Informed Trading
Meaning ⎊ A statistical measure estimating the likelihood that trades are driven by participants with superior information.
Net Present Value
Meaning ⎊ The sum of the present values of all cash inflows and outflows associated with an investment over time.
Stochastic Modeling
Meaning ⎊ A mathematical framework using random variables to simulate and predict the behavior of uncertain financial systems.
Expected Return
Meaning ⎊ A theoretical estimate of the anticipated gain or loss from an investment based on probable future outcomes.
Discount Factor
Meaning ⎊ A multiplier that reduces future cash flows to their present value using an interest rate over a specific time.
Hurdle Rate Estimation
Meaning ⎊ Setting the minimum acceptable return required for an investment to be viable.
