Settlement Price
The settlement price is the official price used by an exchange to determine the daily value of a contract and to calculate profits and losses for margin accounts. It is often determined by the volume-weighted average price over a specific time window near the end of the trading session.
This prevents market manipulation or temporary price spikes from causing unnecessary liquidations or volatility in the settlement process. The settlement price serves as the reference point for mark-to-market accounting and ensures that all participants are treated fairly.
It is a critical component of market microstructure, bridging the gap between volatile real-time trading and the formal accounting requirements of the clearing house. Accurate settlement prices are essential for maintaining trust in the derivatives market.