Recursive Liquidation Cascades
Recursive liquidation cascades describe a rapid, automated series of asset sales triggered when market prices fall below defined collateralization thresholds. As a protocol liquidates a large position, the resulting market sell order further depresses the asset price.
This lower price then forces additional positions in the same or linked protocols to hit their liquidation thresholds, triggering more sales. The process continues in a loop until the price stabilizes or the available liquidity is exhausted.
This phenomenon is a primary driver of flash crashes in cryptocurrency markets. Because these liquidations are executed by smart contracts without human intervention, they occur at speeds far exceeding traditional financial markets.
This creates an environment where extreme volatility is amplified by the very mechanisms designed to ensure protocol solvency.