Physical Delivery Comparison
Physical delivery in financial derivatives refers to the actual transfer of the underlying asset from the seller to the buyer upon contract expiration, rather than a cash settlement. In the context of cryptocurrency futures or options, this means the actual digital asset, such as Bitcoin or Ethereum, is moved between wallets.
This contrasts with cash-settled contracts, where the difference between the contract price and the settlement price is paid out in fiat or a stablecoin. Physical delivery ensures that the derivative contract is backed by the real asset, which can impact liquidity and supply dynamics in the spot market.
Traders must maintain access to a compatible wallet or custodial solution to receive the assets. This mechanism is crucial for arbitrageurs who use derivatives to hedge or acquire spot positions.
The settlement process involves the blockchain protocol validating the transaction and updating the ownership records on the ledger. It eliminates the reliance on external price feeds for final settlement values.
However, it introduces technical risks related to wallet security and blockchain transaction finality. Market participants often prefer physical delivery when they intend to hold the underlying asset long-term.