MPC Protocols
Multi-Party Computation is a subfield of cryptography that allows multiple parties to jointly compute a function over their inputs while keeping those inputs private. No participant learns anything about the other participants' data, except for the final output of the computation.
In finance, this allows for complex calculations like risk assessment or order matching without revealing the underlying sensitive trade information. MPC protocols are highly versatile and can be used to manage digital assets, verify identities, or execute smart contracts securely.
Because they do not rely on a single trusted party, they are ideal for decentralized environments. The primary challenge is the communication overhead required for nodes to interact during the computation process.