Flash Loan Attacks
Flash loan attacks utilize uncollateralized loans that must be repaid within the same blockchain transaction to exploit vulnerabilities in decentralized finance protocols. Because the loan is returned in the same block, the borrower does not need to provide collateral, allowing them to borrow massive amounts of capital.
Attackers use these funds to manipulate price oracles, drain liquidity pools, or force protocol liquidations. Once the profit is extracted, the loan is repaid, and the attacker walks away with the difference.
These attacks are a major concern for smart contract security, as they can drain millions of dollars in seconds. To defend against them, developers are moving away from relying on spot prices from single liquidity pools and are instead using decentralized price oracles like Chainlink.
Additionally, implementing safeguards that detect and revert suspicious transactions is becoming standard practice for secure protocol design.