Cross-Margin Contagion
Cross-margin contagion refers to the process where losses in one asset class or trading position propagate to other, unrelated positions within the same account or protocol. In a cross-margin system, the entire collateral balance of an account is available to support all open positions.
If one position experiences a significant loss, it consumes the shared collateral, potentially triggering liquidations across all other active positions, even those that were previously healthy. This mechanism creates a domino effect where a localized shock in one market causes a broad liquidation cascade.
In the context of decentralized finance, this can lead to massive selling pressure that further depresses asset prices, exacerbating the initial problem. Contagion is particularly dangerous in crypto markets due to the high correlation between different tokens during downturns.
Risk managers must account for these interconnected dependencies to prevent total portfolio wipeouts during market stress.