Consensus Mechanism Divergence
Consensus mechanism divergence occurs when nodes in a network disagree on the rules of the protocol, leading to a split in the blockchain. This divergence is often driven by conflicting incentives between stakeholders, miners, and developers regarding the future direction of the network.
When consensus rules change, the network splits into two separate versions, each with its own ledger and asset. This is a core concept in protocol physics, as the validation mechanism determines the validity of every transaction on each chain.
The resulting split forces market participants to choose which chain they support, directly impacting the value and utility of the tokens on each side. It is the primary catalyst for the market volatility that creates arbitrage opportunities.