Bad Debt Risk
Bad debt risk arises when a lending protocol cannot recover the full value of a loan because the collateral has lost too much value. This happens when the price of the collateral asset crashes so rapidly that the protocol's liquidation engine cannot sell it for enough to cover the outstanding debt.
In such cases, the protocol incurs a deficit, which may threaten its overall solvency. This risk is particularly acute in decentralized finance where there is no central authority to inject capital.
To mitigate this, protocols often use insurance funds or decentralized governance to socialize the loss. Understanding bad debt risk is crucial for assessing the long-term viability and safety of lending platforms.
It is a direct consequence of market volatility and liquidity failures.