Adverse Selection in Trading
Adverse selection in trading occurs when one party to a transaction has more or better information than the other, leading to a disadvantageous outcome for the less informed party. In the context of market making, this happens when informed traders exploit the market maker's stale quotes.
Because the market maker is committed to providing liquidity, they are often the target of trades that reflect new, non-public information. This results in the market maker buying assets that are about to fall or selling assets that are about to rise.
To counter this, market makers must constantly update their prices and monitor for signs of informed flow. Adverse selection is a fundamental risk that shapes the behavior of all liquidity providers and is a key component of market microstructure theory.
Minimizing exposure to this risk is a core competency for any successful trading operation.