# Proof-of-Work ⎊ Area ⎊ Resource 8 --- ## What is the Algorithm of Proof-of-Work? Proof-of-Work represents a computational process integral to establishing consensus within distributed ledger technologies, demanding significant computational effort to deter malicious activity and validate transactions. Its core function involves miners competing to solve a complex cryptographic puzzle, the solution of which validates a block of transactions and adds it to the blockchain. This mechanism inherently links block creation to expended energy, creating an economic disincentive for attacks, as the cost of manipulation would exceed potential gains. Consequently, the difficulty of the puzzle dynamically adjusts to maintain a consistent block generation rate, ensuring network stability and security. ## What is the Consequence of Proof-of-Work? The implementation of Proof-of-Work introduces substantial energy consumption, a critical consideration within the context of environmental sustainability and operational costs. This energy expenditure directly impacts the economic viability of mining operations, influencing network decentralization and potentially leading to centralization among entities with access to cheaper energy sources. Furthermore, the inherent latency associated with block confirmation times can affect transaction throughput, impacting scalability and the responsiveness of applications built on the blockchain. The long-term consequences necessitate exploration of alternative consensus mechanisms with reduced environmental footprints. ## What is the Calculation of Proof-of-Work? The security of Proof-of-Work relies on the probabilistic relationship between computational power and the likelihood of successfully mining a block, often expressed as hash rate. Miners dedicate computational resources to repeatedly hashing block data, attempting to find a hash value that meets a predefined target difficulty. This difficulty is adjusted periodically based on network hash rate, ensuring a consistent average block time, typically around ten minutes for Bitcoin. The probability of a successful hash is directly proportional to the miner’s share of the total network hash rate, incentivizing participation and contributing to network security. --- ## [Digital Asset Validation](https://term.greeks.live/term/digital-asset-validation/) Meaning ⎊ Digital Asset Validation provides the essential cryptographic verification layer that secures decentralized state transitions and derivative solvency. ⎊ Term ## [Block Reward Systems](https://term.greeks.live/term/block-reward-systems/) Meaning ⎊ Block reward systems function as the foundational economic mechanism, aligning participant incentives to ensure the security and stability of networks. ⎊ Term ## [Value Transfer](https://term.greeks.live/term/value-transfer/) Meaning ⎊ Value Transfer enables the programmatic, trustless movement of digital assets across decentralized networks through cryptographic state verification. ⎊ Term ## [On-Chain Finality](https://term.greeks.live/term/on-chain-finality/) Meaning ⎊ On-Chain Finality ensures irreversible settlement, providing the mandatory foundation for secure and automated decentralized derivative markets. ⎊ Term ## [Parallel Transaction Execution](https://term.greeks.live/term/parallel-transaction-execution/) Meaning ⎊ Parallel Transaction Execution enables simultaneous validation of independent transactions to drastically improve network throughput and reduce latency. ⎊ Term ## [Consensus Faults](https://term.greeks.live/definition/consensus-faults/) Events where nodes fail to agree on ledger state, often triggering automated protocol penalties to maintain security. ⎊ Term ## [Liquidity Provision Challenges](https://term.greeks.live/term/liquidity-provision-challenges/) Meaning ⎊ Liquidity provision challenges involve managing systemic risk and capital efficiency to maintain stable, deep order books in decentralized derivatives. ⎊ Term ## [ECDSA Algorithm](https://term.greeks.live/definition/ecdsa-algorithm/) A cryptographic algorithm utilizing elliptic curve mathematics to generate efficient and secure digital signatures. ⎊ Term ## [Network Validation Mechanisms](https://term.greeks.live/term/network-validation-mechanisms/) Meaning ⎊ Network validation mechanisms provide the cryptographic and economic foundations for securing decentralized financial state transitions and settlement. ⎊ Term ## [Blockchain Consensus Impact](https://term.greeks.live/term/blockchain-consensus-impact/) Meaning ⎊ Blockchain Consensus Impact dictates the latency and finality parameters that define the precision and risk profile of decentralized derivatives. ⎊ Term ## [Crypto Market Stress](https://term.greeks.live/term/crypto-market-stress/) Meaning ⎊ Crypto Market Stress describes the systemic breakdown of liquidity and order flow during periods of extreme volatility in decentralized derivatives. ⎊ Term ## [Liquidation Auction](https://term.greeks.live/term/liquidation-auction/) Meaning ⎊ Liquidation auctions are the automated enforcement mechanisms that secure decentralized derivatives by liquidating undercollateralized positions. ⎊ Term ## [Low-Latency Verification](https://term.greeks.live/term/low-latency-verification/) Meaning ⎊ Low-Latency Verification provides the essential speed required for decentralized derivative protocols to maintain price accuracy and systemic stability. ⎊ Term ## [Liquidity Siloing](https://term.greeks.live/definition/liquidity-siloing/) The separation of trading activity into isolated platforms or regions, preventing unified pricing and market efficiency. ⎊ Term ## [Consensus Protocol Efficiency](https://term.greeks.live/term/consensus-protocol-efficiency/) Meaning ⎊ Consensus Protocol Efficiency defines the speed and cost of financial settlement, directly shaping the viability of decentralized derivative markets. ⎊ Term ## [Consensus Overhead](https://term.greeks.live/definition/consensus-overhead/) The resources and time required by network nodes to agree on the state of the ledger and validate transactions. ⎊ Term ## [Verification of State Transitions](https://term.greeks.live/term/verification-of-state-transitions/) Meaning ⎊ Verification of State Transitions serves as the essential mechanism for ensuring accurate, immutable, and trustless settlement in decentralized markets. ⎊ Term ## [Mempool Game Theory](https://term.greeks.live/term/mempool-game-theory/) Meaning ⎊ Mempool Game Theory governs the strategic competition for transaction ordering, directly determining the execution quality of decentralized derivatives. ⎊ Term ## [Transaction Finality Time Risk](https://term.greeks.live/term/transaction-finality-time-risk/) Meaning ⎊ Transaction Finality Time Risk quantifies the financial exposure created by the temporal gap between order execution and immutable settlement. ⎊ Term ## [Distributed Consensus Protocols](https://term.greeks.live/term/distributed-consensus-protocols/) Meaning ⎊ Distributed Consensus Protocols provide the immutable, trustless infrastructure required for global, decentralized settlement and risk management. ⎊ Term ## [Immutable Financial Records](https://term.greeks.live/term/immutable-financial-records/) Meaning ⎊ Immutable financial records provide the cryptographic foundation for trustless, verifiable settlement of complex derivative contracts in global markets. ⎊ Term ## [Cryptographic Consensus Mechanisms](https://term.greeks.live/term/cryptographic-consensus-mechanisms/) Meaning ⎊ Consensus mechanisms provide the secure, immutable foundation necessary for consistent pricing and settlement in decentralized financial markets. ⎊ Term ## [Network Consensus](https://term.greeks.live/term/network-consensus/) Meaning ⎊ Network Consensus provides the foundational settlement finality and state validity required for reliable, high-speed decentralized derivative markets. ⎊ Term ## [Network Upgrade Mechanisms](https://term.greeks.live/term/network-upgrade-mechanisms/) Meaning ⎊ Network Upgrade Mechanisms manage blockchain evolution to ensure system continuity and reduce the systemic risks affecting derivative market stability. ⎊ Term ## [MEV Impact on Slippage](https://term.greeks.live/definition/mev-impact-on-slippage/) The artificial inflation of trade costs caused by bots reordering transactions to capture profit at the user expense. ⎊ Term ## [Narrative-Driven Investing](https://term.greeks.live/definition/narrative-driven-investing/) Investment strategy focused on market themes and social sentiment rather than solely on quantitative financial metrics. ⎊ Term ## [Chain Reorganization Risks](https://term.greeks.live/term/chain-reorganization-risks/) Meaning ⎊ Chain Reorganization Risks define the probability of ledger state reversal, necessitating advanced confirmation protocols for secure financial settlement. ⎊ Term ## [Consensus Mechanism Verification](https://term.greeks.live/term/consensus-mechanism-verification/) Meaning ⎊ Consensus mechanism verification provides the cryptographic foundation for reliable, trustless settlement in decentralized derivative markets. ⎊ Term ## [Distributed Consensus Mechanisms](https://term.greeks.live/term/distributed-consensus-mechanisms/) Meaning ⎊ Distributed consensus mechanisms provide the mathematical foundation for trustless, immutable settlement in decentralized financial systems. ⎊ Term ## [Distributed Consensus Algorithms](https://term.greeks.live/term/distributed-consensus-algorithms/) Meaning ⎊ Distributed consensus algorithms provide the immutable, trustless state synchronization necessary for reliable global decentralized financial settlement. ⎊ Term --- ## Raw Schema Data ```json { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Home", "item": "https://term.greeks.live/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "Area", "item": "https://term.greeks.live/area/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "name": "Proof-of-Work", "item": "https://term.greeks.live/area/proof-of-work/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 4, "name": "Resource 8", "item": "https://term.greeks.live/area/proof-of-work/resource/8/" } ] } ``` ```json { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "FAQPage", "mainEntity": [ { "@type": "Question", "name": "What is the Algorithm of Proof-of-Work?", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Proof-of-Work represents a computational process integral to establishing consensus within distributed ledger technologies, demanding significant computational effort to deter malicious activity and validate transactions. 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Inside the joint, gears, shafts, and brightly colored rings green and blue form a precise mechanism, with a bright green rod extending through the right component." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/term/verification-of-state-transitions/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/term/verification-of-state-transitions/", "headline": "Verification of State Transitions", "description": "Meaning ⎊ Verification of State Transitions serves as the essential mechanism for ensuring accurate, immutable, and trustless settlement in decentralized markets. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-18T21:33:45+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-18T21:34:37+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/multi-asset-collateral-structure-for-structured-derivatives-product-segmentation-in-decentralized-finance.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "A macro close-up depicts a dark blue spiral structure enveloping an inner core with distinct segments. The core transitions from a solid dark color to a pale cream section, and then to a bright green section, suggesting a complex, multi-component assembly." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/term/mempool-game-theory/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/term/mempool-game-theory/", "headline": "Mempool Game Theory", "description": "Meaning ⎊ Mempool Game Theory governs the strategic competition for transaction ordering, directly determining the execution quality of decentralized derivatives. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-18T18:46:56+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-18T18:48:00+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/decentralized-autonomous-organization-governance-and-liquidity-pool-interconnectivity-visualizing-cross-chain-derivative-structures.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "A digitally rendered image shows a central glowing green core surrounded by eight dark blue, curved mechanical arms or segments. The composition is symmetrical, resembling a high-tech flower or data nexus with bright green accent rings on each segment." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/term/transaction-finality-time-risk/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/term/transaction-finality-time-risk/", "headline": "Transaction Finality Time Risk", "description": "Meaning ⎊ Transaction Finality Time Risk quantifies the financial exposure created by the temporal gap between order execution and immutable settlement. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-18T17:43:53+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-18T17:44:15+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/visualizing-complex-collateralized-positions-and-synthetic-options-derivative-protocols-risk-management.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "A high-resolution 3D render shows a complex mechanical component with a dark blue body featuring sharp, futuristic angles. A bright green rod is centrally positioned, extending through interlocking blue and white ring-like structures, emphasizing a precise connection mechanism." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/term/distributed-consensus-protocols/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/term/distributed-consensus-protocols/", "headline": "Distributed Consensus Protocols", "description": "Meaning ⎊ Distributed Consensus Protocols provide the immutable, trustless infrastructure required for global, decentralized settlement and risk management. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-18T17:04:04+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-18T17:04:46+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/interoperability-of-decentralized-finance-protocols-illustrating-smart-contract-execution-and-cross-chain-bridging-mechanisms.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "A close-up view of two segments of a complex mechanical joint shows the internal components partially exposed, featuring metallic parts and a beige-colored central piece with fluted segments. The right segment includes a bright green ring as part of its internal mechanism, highlighting a precision-engineered connection point." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/term/immutable-financial-records/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/term/immutable-financial-records/", "headline": "Immutable Financial Records", "description": "Meaning ⎊ Immutable financial records provide the cryptographic foundation for trustless, verifiable settlement of complex derivative contracts in global markets. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-18T16:49:11+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-18T16:49:29+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/visualizing-blockchain-interoperability-and-structured-financial-instruments-across-diverse-risk-tranches.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "This abstract image features several multi-colored bands—including beige, green, and blue—intertwined around a series of large, dark, flowing cylindrical shapes. The composition creates a sense of layered complexity and dynamic movement, symbolizing intricate financial structures." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/term/cryptographic-consensus-mechanisms/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/term/cryptographic-consensus-mechanisms/", "headline": "Cryptographic Consensus Mechanisms", "description": "Meaning ⎊ Consensus mechanisms provide the secure, immutable foundation necessary for consistent pricing and settlement in decentralized financial markets. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-18T15:32:04+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-18T15:32:50+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/cross-chain-interoperability-protocol-architecture-facilitating-decentralized-options-settlement-and-liquidity-bridging.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "A detailed cutaway view of a mechanical component reveals a complex joint connecting two large cylindrical structures. Inside the joint, gears, shafts, and brightly colored rings green and blue form a precise mechanism, with a bright green rod extending through the right component." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/term/network-consensus/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/term/network-consensus/", "headline": "Network Consensus", "description": "Meaning ⎊ Network Consensus provides the foundational settlement finality and state validity required for reliable, high-speed decentralized derivative markets. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-18T15:04:59+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-18T15:05:15+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/algorithmic-blockchain-protocol-architecture-illustrating-cryptographic-primitives-and-network-consensus-mechanisms.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "A close-up view of a stylized, futuristic double helix structure composed of blue and green twisting forms. Glowing green data nodes are visible within the core, connecting the two primary strands against a dark background." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/term/network-upgrade-mechanisms/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/term/network-upgrade-mechanisms/", "headline": "Network Upgrade Mechanisms", "description": "Meaning ⎊ Network Upgrade Mechanisms manage blockchain evolution to ensure system continuity and reduce the systemic risks affecting derivative market stability. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-18T14:03:06+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-18T14:04:12+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/decentralized-perpetual-contracts-architecture-and-collateralization-mechanisms-for-layer-2-scalability.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "A macro close-up depicts a smooth, dark blue mechanical structure. The form features rounded edges and a circular cutout with a bright green rim, revealing internal components including layered blue rings and a light cream-colored element." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/definition/mev-impact-on-slippage/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/definition/mev-impact-on-slippage/", "headline": "MEV Impact on Slippage", "description": "The artificial inflation of trade costs caused by bots reordering transactions to capture profit at the user expense. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-18T03:48:43+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-18T03:49:22+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/algorithmic-trading-liquidity-dynamics-visualization-across-layer-2-scaling-solutions-and-derivatives-market-depth.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "A series of concentric rings in varying shades of blue, green, and white creates a visual tunnel effect, providing a dynamic perspective toward a central light source. This abstract composition represents the complex market microstructure and layered architecture of decentralized finance protocols." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/definition/narrative-driven-investing/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/definition/narrative-driven-investing/", "headline": "Narrative-Driven Investing", "description": "Investment strategy focused on market themes and social sentiment rather than solely on quantitative financial metrics. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-17T23:36:31+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-17T23:37:54+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/decentralized-options-protocol-architecture-layered-collateralization-yield-generation-and-smart-contract-execution.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "An abstract composition features flowing, layered forms in dark blue, green, and cream colors, with a bright green glow emanating from a central recess. The image visually represents the complex structure of a decentralized derivatives protocol, where layered financial instruments, such as options contracts and perpetual futures, interact within a smart contract-driven environment." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/term/chain-reorganization-risks/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/term/chain-reorganization-risks/", "headline": "Chain Reorganization Risks", "description": "Meaning ⎊ Chain Reorganization Risks define the probability of ledger state reversal, necessitating advanced confirmation protocols for secure financial settlement. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-17T23:15:48+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-17T23:16:20+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/interoperable-multi-chain-layering-architecture-visualizing-scalability-and-high-frequency-cross-chain-data-throughput-channels.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "A close-up view shows a stylized, multi-layered structure with undulating, intertwined channels of dark blue, light blue, and beige colors, with a bright green rod protruding from a central housing. This abstract visualization represents the intricate multi-chain architecture necessary for advanced scaling solutions in decentralized finance." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/term/consensus-mechanism-verification/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/term/consensus-mechanism-verification/", "headline": "Consensus Mechanism Verification", "description": "Meaning ⎊ Consensus mechanism verification provides the cryptographic foundation for reliable, trustless settlement in decentralized derivative markets. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-17T22:01:58+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-17T22:02:15+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/algorithmic-blockchain-protocol-architecture-illustrating-cryptographic-primitives-and-network-consensus-mechanisms.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "A close-up view of a stylized, futuristic double helix structure composed of blue and green twisting forms. Glowing green data nodes are visible within the core, connecting the two primary strands against a dark background." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/term/distributed-consensus-mechanisms/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/term/distributed-consensus-mechanisms/", "headline": "Distributed Consensus Mechanisms", "description": "Meaning ⎊ Distributed consensus mechanisms provide the mathematical foundation for trustless, immutable settlement in decentralized financial systems. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-17T21:53:04+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-17T21:53:25+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/abstract-representation-of-layered-financial-structured-products-and-risk-tranches-within-decentralized-finance-protocols.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "An abstract digital rendering showcases intertwined, smooth, and layered structures composed of dark blue, light blue, vibrant green, and beige elements. The fluid, overlapping components suggest a complex, integrated system." } }, { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://term.greeks.live/term/distributed-consensus-algorithms/", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/term/distributed-consensus-algorithms/", "headline": "Distributed Consensus Algorithms", "description": "Meaning ⎊ Distributed consensus algorithms provide the immutable, trustless state synchronization necessary for reliable global decentralized financial settlement. ⎊ Term", "datePublished": "2026-03-17T21:39:36+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-03-17T21:40:31+00:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Greeks.live", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/author/greeks-live/" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/smart-contract-collateralized-options-protocol-architecture-demonstrating-risk-pathways-and-liquidity-settlement-algorithms.jpg", "width": 3850, "height": 2166, "caption": "The image displays a close-up view of a complex abstract structure featuring intertwined blue cables and a central white and yellow component against a dark blue background. A bright green tube is visible on the right, contrasting with the surrounding elements." } } ], "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://term.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/precision-digital-asset-contract-architecture-modeling-volatility-and-strike-price-mechanics.jpg" } } ``` --- **Original URL:** https://term.greeks.live/area/proof-of-work/resource/8/