L1 Blockchain

Architecture

An L1 Blockchain represents the foundational layer of a cryptocurrency network, distinct from Layer-2 solutions that operate on top. Its architecture defines the core consensus mechanism, data structure, and transaction processing rules, directly impacting scalability and security. Unlike sidechains or rollups, an L1 blockchain handles transactions natively, bearing the full responsibility for validation and finality. Design choices within the architecture, such as sharding or proof-of-stake variations, significantly influence the network’s throughput and resilience to attacks.